This essay has as a keystone the words in which Husserl identifies life with the flux of lived experiences. It attempts a phenomenological approach to primary consciousness. Starting from the reduction to the sphere of “my ownness”, it then makes reference to the issue of the “living present” ; afterwards, it goes to the notion of reason in Husserl in its relationship with life and the lived experiences of the feeling of being alive, such as “connatus” as originary intuition, and (...) the concept, stemming from Ortega y Gasset, of “living reason”. As a last issue, a description is made of those features of life expounded by Husserl that can be interpreted in reference to “the green of the golden tree”.Este estudio tiene como clave de bóveda la frase en que Husserl identifica la vida con el fluir de las vivencias. Intenta una aproximación fenomenológica a la conciencia primaria. Parte de la reducción al ámbito de ”lo mío propio”. A continuación se hace referencia al tema del “presente viviente” ; luego se pasa a la concepción de la razón en Husserl en relación con la vida y las vivencias del sen-timiento de vivir, tales como “conatus” como intuición originaria, y al concepto orteguiano de razón vital. Como última cuestión, se estudian los rasgos de la vida expuestos por Husserl que puedan ser interpretados con referencia a “el verde del árbol dorado”. (shrink)

CONTENIDO: La fenomenología de Husserl como monadología - El concepto husserliano de mónada - La antigua y difícil propuesta de amor - Para una fenomenología de la violencia - La fenomenología de Husserl: ¿ecología o monadología? - Descripción fenomenológica del dolor de la experiencia intropática del dolor - Memoria y olvido en relación con la identidad personal - De fenomenología, violencia y víctimas - En torno a la esperanza - Libertad como problema: comentario de las Moscas de Jean Paul Sastre (...) - Eco filosófico de muertes literarias en torno a la obra de Jorge Luis Borges. (shrink)

The skills of thinking, reading conceptions and reading practice (literacy levels) found in textbook activities for the sixth year of Primary Education in Social Sciences and Spanish Language in Spain are analyzed in this paper. A mixed methodology is used to triangulate the data, integrating the critical analysis of discourse and two types of statistical analysis: descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential (χ 2, ANOVA, and the Mann-Whitney U Test). The results inform us of both the permanence and the strengthening (...) of the design of an activity oriented toward the development of traditional conceptions of linguistic-cognitive reading. In the framework of education for global citizenship, the conclusion is the need for student reading practices that begin with the principles of critical literacy directed at the acquisition of social, critical, and creative thinking skills. (shrink)

What triggers the act of creating? What role do sensory cues, environmental factors, and interdisciplinary exchanges play in this? The semiotic theories of Jacob von Uexküll, a Baltic German biologist, served as an important starting point in addressing these questions. In 1934 he proposed the concept of the Umwelt as a means to assess the behaviour of humans and animals, their realm of experience, and capacity to act. An investigation into the complexity of these Umwelten, from the natural world to?inner (...) worlds? and?time worlds?, is carried out by theorists, artists, and architects such as Andrés Jaque, Esther Venrooy, Bart Decroos, Isolde Vanhee, Joseph Kohlmaier, and more. (shrink)

"In 'Mag ik Orpheus zijn?' legt Esther Jansma messcherp uit wat het lezen en schrijven van poëzie en proza voor haar inhoudt. Wat betekent het om 'ik' te zeggen in een gedicht, mag een tekst worden herleid tot de persoon van de maker, in hoeverre wordt wat wij 'het leven' noemen bepaald door wat we hebben gelezen, zijn er grenzen aan de verbeelding en waar zouden die dan moeten liggen, wie bepaalt wat wel en niet mag of kan in (...) een tekst? Voor deze essays bewerkte zij vier lezingen die zij in Berkeley en als gastschrijver aan de Rijksuniversiteit Groningen heeft gegeven."--Back cover. (shrink)

Stress is increasingly being recognized as one of the main factors that is negatively affecting our health, and therefore there is a need to regulate daily stress and prevent long-term stress. This need seems particularly important for adults with mild intellectual disabilities who have been shown to have more difficulties coping with stress than adults without intellectual disabilities. Hence, the development of music therapy interventions for stress reduction, particularly within populations where needs may be greater, is becoming increasingly important. In (...) order to gain more insight into the practice-based knowledge on how music therapists lower stress levels of their patients with MID during music therapy sessions, we conducted focus group interviews with music therapists working with adults with MID from different countries and clinical institutions in Europe. Results provide an overview of the most-used interventions for stress reduction within and outside of music. Data-analysis resulted in the further specification of therapeutic goals, intervention techniques, the use of musical instruments, and related therapeutic change factors. The main findings indicate that music therapists used little to no receptive interventions for stress reduction, but preferred to use active interventions, which were mainly based on musical improvisation. Results show that three therapy goals for stress relief could be distinguished. The goal of “synchronizing” can be seen as a sub goal because it often precedes working on the other two goals of “tension release” or “direct relaxation,” which can also be seen as two ways of reaching stress reduction in adults with MID through music therapy interventions. Furthermore, the tempo and the dynamics of the music are considered as the most important musical components to reduce stress in adults with MID. Practical implications for stress-reducing music therapy interventions for adults with MID are discussed as well as recommendations for future research. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Kant-Studien Jahrgang: 110 Heft: 1 Seiten: 1-48.

Does avoiding biased responding to reasoning problems and grasping the ­correct solution require engaging in effortful deliberation or can such solution insight be acquired more intuitively? In this study we set out to test the impact of deliberation on the efficiency of a de-bias training in which the problem logic was explained to participants. We focused on the infamous bat-and-ball problem and varied the degree of possible deliberation during the training session by manipulating time constraints and cognitive load. The results (...) show that the less constrained the deliberation, the more participants improve. However, even under extremely stringent conditions (high time-pressure and dual task load), participants still show a significant improvement. Critically, this “intuitive” insight effect persists over two months. This suggests that deliberation helps reasoners benefit from the training, but it is not indispensable. We discuss critical applied and theoretical implications. (shrink)

Les diagnostics tardifs créent une longue période d’ignorance. Cette ignorance est une mécanique, un maillon de la chaîne complexe des dominations à l’œuvre dans la société patriarcale. Cette ignorance est une politique. L’ignorance des handicaps peut accroître leurs conséquences (isolement, incompréhensions, traumas, ruptures, pauvreté, validisme intériorisé, etc.). Écrire a été moyen de dire sans la parole orale, dans cette ignorance ignorée. Écrire dans l’ignorance reconnue est désécrire. C’est une transition lente et je complique tente d’en saisir les premières modulations.

ResumenLas aventuras de Pinocho es uno de esos pocos cuentos que no solo ha resistido al paso del tiempo, sino que se incorporó a la cultura y 139 años después, sigue recreándose en versiones literarias, cinematográficas, teatrales, plásticas, incluso pedagógicas. En este artículo tratamos de levantar algunos de los velos con los que Disney cubrió una parte importante de la historia dejando fuera, por ejemplo, el tema de la pobreza. Hoy nos preguntamos si un producto cultural como Las aventuras de (...) Pinocho puede detonar conversaciones y reflexiones con niños de hoy, y si la escuela puede apropiarse de este material para filosofar con los alumnos e incluso con los adultos. ¿Por qué en un mundo de malhechores que roban, engañan, cocinan, venden o cuelgan a los niños, la mirada reprobatoria está fija en un niño que dice mentiras? ¿Qué experiencias tiene que vivir un niño para verse a sí mismo como “malo”? ¿Cuáles son los riesgos de la clasificación, por otro lado, tan necesaria en el conocimiento? Si bien partimos de una experiencia realizada en una escuela de la Ciudad de México, el análisis que se presenta se ocupa principalmente del vínculo entre la(s) lectura(s) y la reflexión filosófica en este cuento.Palabras claveFilosofia con niños Pinocho Educación no formal Pinocchio is one of those few stories that has not only stood the test of time, but continues to be recreated in literary, cinematographic and theatrical versions... Pinocchio is no longer just the story written by Carlo Collodi at the end of the 19th century; over the course of 130 years, the social imaginary has incorporated numerous interpretations. In this article we ask ourselves whether a cultural product such as The Adventures of Pinocchio can trigger conversations and reflections with today's children, and whether the school can appropriate this material to philosophize with students and even with adults. Although we start from an experience carried out in Mexico City, the analysis presented here is mainly concerned with the link between reading and philosophical reflection in this story.Key wordsPhilosophy with children Pinocchio Non-formal education Pinóquio é um dos poucos contos de fadas que não apenas resistiu ao teste do tempo, mas continua a ser recriado em versões literárias, cinematográficas e teatrais... Pinóquio não é mais apenas a história escrita por Carlo Collodi no final do século XIX; ao longo de 130 anos, o imaginário social incorporou inúmeras interpretações. Neste artigo, nos perguntamos se um produto cultural como As Aventuras de Pinóquio pode desencadear conversas e reflexões com as crianças de hoje, e se a escola pode se apropriar desse material para filosofar com os alunos e até mesmo com os adultos. Embora partamos de uma experiência realizada na Cidade do México, a análise apresentada aqui se preocupa principalmente com o vínculo entre a leitura e a reflexão filosófica nessa história.Palavras-chaveFilosofia com crianças Pinóquio Educação não formal. (shrink)

Résumé Au croisement de la sociologie du couple, des études de genre et de la sociologie de la littérature, cet article propose une définition de la notion de couple littéraire. Entendu comme la rencontre d’impératifs partiellement contradictoires (les impératifs de coopération du couple et de singularisation du champ littéraire), le couple littéraire est une institution singulière qui permet d’approcher de manière inédite les changements de postures de Simone de Beauvoir, des années 1940 aux années 1970.

Definition of the problem The reform of German guardianship law coming into force in 2023 will remove the term “well-being” from the law. This is intended to emphasise that the legal guardian should be guided by the subjective wishes of the person rather than by an objective understanding of well-being. This article analyses the understanding of well-being underlying the reformed guardianship law in comparison to common conceptions of well-being in philosophy and medical ethics, aiming to promote interdisciplinary understanding between ethics (...) and law. Arguments The justification for the reform emphasises that the law is based on a subjective understanding of well-being. However, this understanding does not correspond to philosophical subjective theories of well-being, according to which only things that a person desires can contribute to her well-being. In contrast, the guardianship law assumes that the fulfilment of certain wishes can lead to objective harm to the person and thus impair her well-being. Negative consequences for the objective well-being of a person are only relevant insofar as they indicate a limit to following current wishes that are based on a natural will and are not an expression of self-determination. Conclusion While the term “well-being” is removed from reformed guardianship law, the law implicitly contains an understanding of well-being comparable to a hybrid conception of well-being from a medical ethics perspective. According to this conception, fulfilment of a person’s wishes generally contributes to her well-being, although certain objective criteria are also taken into consideration. (shrink)

Este escrito presenta el tema del cuerpo y de la corporeidad en la Scienza nuova de Vico, confrontando las dos interpretaciones, que la autora opone, de Alberto M. Damiani y de Giuseppe Patella.Palabras clave: Vico, cuerpo, corporeidad, A. Damiani, G. Patella.This paper focusses on the subject of body and embodiment in Vico’s Scienza nuova, by confronting the interpretations of Alberto M. Damiani and Giuseppe Patella.Keywords: Vico, body, embodiment, A. Damiani, G. Patella.

A orientação filosófica de João Mendes Júnior, por E. de Figueiredo Ferraz.--Pressupostos filosófico-jurídicos da revisão constitucional, por T. Cavalcanti Filho.--A justiça como história, por R. Cirell Czerna.--As regras de trato social em confronto com o direito, por D. de Santis Garcia.--Estado e direito, por C. Ashcar.--Doutrinas interpretativas do fenômeno jurídico, por J. Cretella Júnior.

Both young children and agrammatic aphasic speakers have difficulty interpreting pronouns, but not reflexive elements. This phenomenon is known as the delay of Principle B effect in language acquisition. The interpretation of pronouns is non-adult-like for children and disturbed in agrammatic aphasia, yet there is evidence that interpretation of pronouns is not always problematic for these populations and that it seems to be governed by linguistic principles. This chapter examines the linguistic principles underlying the interpretation of pronouns and reflexives among (...) children and agrammatic aphasic speakers whose native languages were Dutch, Spanish, and Italian by focusing on two types of sentences: simple transitive sentences and Exceptional Case Marking constructions. It first looks at earlier research on language acquisition and agrammatism before discussing two important linguistic theories, Government and Binding Theory and Reflexivity and Primitives of Binding. (shrink)

'Norito, traducción y análisis de las plegarias sintoístas japonesas' contempla el estudio de las oraciones que tan bien representan el espíritu del shinto, 'el Camino del kami', la religión propia del país del Sol Naciente; mediante una traducción detallada de cuatro de ellas. De esta manera, se pueden leer con facilidad al mismo tiempo que sirven como vehículo para comenzar a entender la espiritualidad japonesa. Los norito son piezas asombrosas de la literatura japonesa, pensadas para ser recitadas y cantadas en (...) honor a la divinidad a la que van dirigidas, muchas veces incluso en nombre del Emperador durante las grandes festividades, de manera que lleguen tanto al corazón del oferenciante como al del kami. Ello supondrá todo tipo de bendiciones para el pueblo japonés, 'los hijos de la Gran Deidad' y que a la vez permite, sin duda, que se dé una relación de tan íntima convivencia con la Naturaleza del archipiélago nipón. (shrink)

As a 52-year-old academic and mother of three, this research explores the ethics of the question ‘do I have time to go skateboarding?’ Using the themes of time, injury, ageing and learning, it explores the question in relation to Simone de Beauvoir’s ethics of ambiguity. The approach employs autoethnographic and sensory methods to document the authors own experience of learning to skateboard in her late forties and uses learning to skateboard as a vehicle from which to consider time and productivity. (...) Embracing Beauvoir’s ethics of transcendence in navigating the psychological burden of ageing and informing the ongoing methodological approach required for making time to play, the author subverts ideas of progression and knowledge acquisition from childhood to adulthood and explores instead the converse transition from adult to child. The article draws conclusions about the value of lifelong learning and what expanded ideas about productivity mean for our ethical positioning in the world. How being in the skatepark together requires an ethical contract between skateboarders, an unambiguous ethics of being together where adhering to a system of unwritten rules means that everyone has enough space to stay safe. Risk and the time implications of injury are explored throughout in terms of the choices we make at different stages of our lives as we navigate a balance between personal desire and social good. (shrink)

Nikolaus von Kues veranschaulicht sein metaphysisch-theologisches Prinzip der coincidentia oppositorum anhand geometrischer Konstruktionen. Eine dieser Darstellungen bringt den Beryll ins Spiel. Ich versuche, seine Rolle in Cusanus’ Ausführungen zu klären und Parallelen aufzuzeigen zwischen dem Einsatz dieses Instruments und Strategien der Begriffsbildung in der heutigen Mathematik. Nicolaus of Cusa illustrates his metaphysico-theological principle of ›coincidentia oppositorum‹ by means of geometrical constructions. One of these representations uses a beryl as an auxiliary instrument. In this paper, I attempt to explore the role (...) played by the beryl in Cusanus’ considerations, and to demonstrate some similarities between his use of this instrument and certain strategies in the formation of concepts in modern mathematics. (shrink)

The main goal of this article is to present Negative Dialectics as a central theme in the Adorno’s thought. In this work Adorno develops the antinomies that there are in the concept of instrumental reason, in order to assert the necessity for a new notion of rationality: a dialectical, negative and materialistic reason, which holds, at the same time, the non identity between subject-object, thought and reality. In this way Philosophy becomes critique of Idealism because this philosophical system defends the (...) “identity thinking” and the irrational society that supports, making a true freedom impossible. Instead of this conception Adorno defines Metaphysics as “negative dialectics” and antisystem, whose method is the analysis of thinking’s models, as a result of his own critical epistemology. (shrink)

After briefly summarizing Blythe Clinchy’s account of connected knowing as a knowing procedure distinguishable from separate knowing and subjectivism, I draw comparisons between it and certainfeaturesof Polanyi’s epistemology. Connected knowing and Polanyi’s indwelling have much in common. Polanyian destructive analysis comparesfavorably with separate knowing, and they concur in the detrimental restriction of knowledge to that procedure. Neither indwelling nor connected knowing should be gender-specific, though their de facto gender-specificity may be challenged along with all the other false dichotomies which are (...) the fall-out of an overweening objectivist ideal.My own experience ofdrawing on Polanyi’s insights to shape my own teaching practices confirm and help to elucidate the implications of revised epistemology for the classroom. Also, my own work developing covenant epistemology underscores and develops the idea of connected knowing. I give practical examples of personal classroom practices. Finally, I offer further comments in response to Clinchy’s collection of quotations regarding the college classroom. (shrink)

El presente es un ensayo teórico exploratorio, que busca rastrear el potencial de la intersección de nociones conocidas por la filosofía, tales como biopolítica y necropolítica, junto a conceptos como domexecración, provenientes de campos emergentes del conocimiento social, asimismo se recurre al ámbito de la zootecnia, en tanto discurso moderno especializado (en los términos de Foucault) donde es posible develar los efectos biopolíticos, necropolíticos y domexecradores que han afectado a los animales no humanos, ya que la zootecnia es una ciencia (...) que se creó con la finalidad de domeñarlos, y, debido a ello, los animales padecen la suerte del sometimiento y la esclavitud. Las herramientas teóricas con las que es abordado el tema no han sido vinculadas usualmente y su intención es comprender con mayor cabalidad la forma en la que en la modernidad el gobierno de lo viviente no se agota en la regulación de los animales humanos, es decir, como el racismo, hablando del ámbito humano, se hace presente en la forma de especismo en el ámbito animal. (shrink)

Name der Zeitschrift: Wittgenstein-Studien Jahrgang: 5 Heft: 1 Seiten: 179-204.

Les atlas linguistiques sont-ils des corpus? Nous voudrions ici montrer pourquoi certains atlas ne sont pas des corpus et comment leur informatisation pourrait, néanmoins, permettre de les exploiter comme tels. Le questionnement auquel font écho ces lignes est celui de la possibilité d’une informatisation de l’Atlas linguistique de la Wallonie (ALW), envisagée dans un premier temps comme l’intégration d’échantillons des publications dans des bases de données, exploitables via une interface de consultation en ligne. Ce travail consisterait à réduire la matière (...) de l’enquête qui avait été enrichie lors de l’édition des matériaux. Cependant, nous voudrions montrer la part d’analyse qu’il est souhaitable de conserver lors de cette réduction. (shrink)

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar la Dialéctica negativa como una obra fundamental del pensamiento de Adorno. En ella el autor desarrolla las antinomias existentes en el concepto de razón instrumental, para proclamar después la necesidad de establecer una nueva noción de racionalidad: una razón de carácter dialéctico, negativo y material, que afirma, a su vez, la no identidad entre sujeto y objeto, entre pensamiento y realidad. De este modo, la filosofía deviene crítica del Idealismo, sistema filosófico que defiende (...) el pensamiento identificador y la sociedad irracional que éste fundamenta, imposibilitando una auténtica libertad. Frente a él Adorno define la reflexión metafísica como "dialéctica negativa" y antisistema, cuyo método de proceder es el análisis de "modelos" de pensamiento, consecuencia de su propia epistemología crítica. The main goal of this article is to present Negative Dialectics as a central theme in the Adorno¿s thought. In this work Adorno develops the antinomies that there are in the concept of instrumental reason, in order to assert the necessity for a new notion of rationality: a dialectical, negative and materialistic reason, which holds, at the same time, the non identity between subject-object, thought and reality. In this way Philosophy becomes critique of Idealism because this philosophical system defends the "identity thinking" and the irrational society that supports, making a true freedom impossible. Instead of this conception Adorno defines Metaphysics as "negative dialectics¿"and antisystem, whose method is the analysis of thinking¿s models, as a result of his own critical epistemology. (shrink)

Resumen El presente trabajo tiene por objeto el análisis de partículas intensificadoras en el discurso humorístico planificado. Partimos de la hipótesis de que el uso de expresiones que intensifican la verdad de lo dicho, como en serio, de verdad o lo juro, es una de las estrategias argumentativas que emplean las cómicas españolas para que su discurso resulte más verosímil. En aras de verificar dicha conjetura, esta investigación recoge un corpus de 15 monólogos humorísticos en español, representados por cómicas de (...) la actualidad, en diversas salas y teatros del territorio español durante los años 2017 y 2018. La transcripción y segmentación de dichas muestras nos ha permitido extraer la frecuencia de uso de los distintos procedimientos de intensificación empleados en este tipo de discurso, así como analizar qué funciones cumple la intensificación como estrategia argumentativa y pragmática. Los resultados obtenidos certifican que las humoristas españolas analizadas recurren a la intensificación durante sus actuaciones para fomentar el efecto humorístico, hacer que su discurso sea más creíble y, por tanto, lograr la adhesión del público. (shrink)

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag widmet sich der Einführung und Etablierung des Mädchenturnens mit Schwerpunkt auf den preußischen Schulen, wie es sich an der Wende vom 19. zum 20. Jahrhundert bis zum Ersten Weltkrieg vollzogen hat. Die Frage richtet sich dabei auf die Art und Weise, wie dieser Prozess verlief, aber auch darauf, weshalb die Ausdehnung des Schulturnens auf die Mädchen mit einiger Verzögerung gegenüber dem Knabenturnen zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt schließlich stattgefunden hat. Als Grundlage der Untersuchung dienen normative Quellen ebenso wie (...) einschlägige Zeitschriftenliteratur, anhand derer sich der die Entwicklungen begleitende Diskurs rekonstruieren lässt. Ein besonderer Fokus richtet sich dabei auf die Rolle des sich wandelnden Körper- und Geschlechterwissens, wie es sich in zeitgenössischen wissenschaftlichen Texten und populären Büchern zum Thema Leibesübungen und Gesundheit manifestiert hat. (shrink)